The Science Fiction World of Xueba

Chapter 356: Cosmic microwave background radiation

In the captain's room, Director Jian Xiangming from the Yongye spacecraft observatory is reporting the latest observations to Pang Xuelin.

Jian Xiangming's expression looked strange, feeling a little confused, but also a little excited.

"Captain, at present, we have observed Kagantuya and the nearby planets through different wavelengths such as ultraviolet, infrared, radio, and visible light. Among them, there are more than 20 planets orbiting the star No. 1 (red giant). More than five terrestrial planets in the habitable zone, more than fifteen planets orbiting the second star (yellow dwarf), and three terrestrial planets in the habitable zone. In addition, we also found There are actually hundreds of planets in Gantuya. Due to Kagantuya's powerful radiation, it is initially estimated that there are at least a dozen terrestrial planets in the habitable zone ... but ... "

"but what?"

The expression on Xuan Pang Xuelin's face was very indifferent, and he was not excited by the discovery that there may be so many habitable planets suitable for human existence, nor was he anxious because of the simple one.

Jian Xiangming swallowed the gullet: "However, apart from these celestial bodies and some asteroids and dust clouds wandering nearby, we have not observed any other celestial bodies in the universe. It seems that a huge curtain is formed around this area. We are isolated from everything in the universe. "

Pang Xuelin frowned, and asked, "Are you observing the cosmic microwave background radiation in this space through a radio telescope?"

Jian Xiangming said: "This is exactly what I want to report to you next. We observed it through the radio observatory. At radio bands greater than 100 cm, Kagantuya's ultra-high frequency radiation masks the space from the river Radiation can not be measured directly, and then we measured from 0.054 cm to tens of centimeters to exclude interference from Kaguntuya. The measurement results of each band show that the microwave background radiation temperature in our area is close to 27K. Black body radiation is ten times the cosmic microwave background radiation we measured in the solar system. "

Pang Xuelin couldn't help it.

Cosmic background radiation is isotropic microwave radiation from the cosmic space background, also known as microwave background radiation.

When talking about this, I have to say how the universe is formed.

Hubble found that the universe is in the process of continuous expansion through the law of galaxy red shift. In this case, the past of the universe will be smaller than it is now.

If time goes back to a certain long time, the universe will become a singularity with no spatial scale, and all matter will not exist at that time.

Later, based on this, astronomers proposed the most recognized theory of the origin of the universe, the Big Bang.

According to the Big Bang, after the birth of the universe, space began to expand, and matter in the universe was constantly created from energy from the original singularity.

But because the early universe space was still very small, the temperature was very high, the density of matter was very high, and photons were coupled with other charged particles, so there were no free photons in the universe at that time.

When the Big Bang just happened, it was actually not glowing. This was an unusually dark explosion.

光 Photons and electrons came after this explosion, but because the universe was too small and the temperature was too high, the collision between electrons and photons was fierce, and it was impossible for photons to propagate freely.

By the time the universe was 380,000 years old, the universe had cooled down. At this time, the collision of electrons and photons was not so exciting.

Only photons can propagate in the universe as free particles. This is the earliest light in the universe.

With the expansion of the universe, the wavelengths of these photons are stretched. By now, the photon wavelengths of these earliest lights are mainly in the micro segment.

This is a relic of ancient times, like the ashes of the Big Bang.

The cosmic microwave background radiation carries information about the early universe and it can tell us a lot about what happened in the past.

After the space has been continuously expanding for 380,000 years, the average temperature of the universe has dropped to about 3,000 degrees Kelvin (about 2730 degrees Celsius) before photons are decoupled from other charged particles. Free movement from time to time produced the earliest light in the universe.

Since then, time has passed about 13.8 billion years, and the space of the universe has also expanded to a huge range. This will cause the frequency of the earliest light in the universe to decrease and the wavelength to become longer. The average temperature also dropped to only about 2.73 degrees Kelvin (about 270.42 degrees Celsius).

Because these microwaves are the earliest light and they are very uniform in all directions, they are called cosmic microwave background radiation.

Because the wavelength of the cosmic microwave background radiation is already much longer than visible light, they cannot be detected by optical telescopes, and can only be detected by radio telescopes or special microwave telescopes.

初 In the early 1960s, American scientists Penzias and R.W. Wilson established a highly sensitive horn-type receiving antenna system in order to improve satellite communications.

In 1964, they used it to measure the radio intensity of silver halo gas. In order to reduce noise, they even removed bird droppings on the antenna, but there was still background noise that could not be eliminated.

They believe that these microwave noises with a wavelength of 7.35 cm from the universe are equivalent to 3.5K.

In 1965, they revised it to 3K, and made this discovery public, for which they won the 1978 Nobel Prize in Physics.

Later, the physicists continued to make accurate measurements. In the end, the physicists accurate the value to 2.7260 ± 0.0013K.

现在 But now, Jian Xiangming's measured microwave background radiation is as high as 27K.

If their measurements are correct, combined with the brief introduction of Xiang Xiangming, no other stars or extragalactic galaxies have been observed in this space except the two stars visible to the naked eye.

Then there is only one possibility left.

空间 This space is independent of the big universe, this is a small universe!

If you consider the plot in the movie Interstellar.

In the movie.

As humankind was on the verge of extinction, a wormhole leading to unknown space was found near Saturn.

As a result, humans worked hard to create a spaceship to venture through the wormhole, and found that the space on the other side of the wormhole contained a super black hole Kagantuya with a mass 100 million times the mass of the sun.

附近 Near this black hole, there are many earth-like planets that can survive.

The first group of ten astronauts who went to the expedition, with the determination to die, returned to humanity the news that there is a life planet in this space that is available for human survival.

The second group of astronauts led by Cooper's Lazarus project set off and passed through the wormhole to Kaguntuya.

Cooper fell into a black hole, accidentally entered a five-dimensional space-time, and then passed back to the earth important information about gravity through this five-dimensional space-time.

In the end, Cooper learned from the mouth of the elderly daughter that the wormhole and the five-dimensional space-time are from the gifts of future high-dimensional humans.

But if both the wormhole and the five-dimensional spacetime come from the gifts of future high-dimensional humans, then why are Kagantuya and these planets not gifts of future humans?

In fact, just half a year ago, Pang Xuelin noticed an anomaly when he first crossed the black hole.

Last time in the ninth world, he crossed a wormhole for three hundred light years, and it took him more than ten minutes.

But this time, it only took a few minutes to traverse the wormhole.

不可能 There is no such thing as a super black hole with a mass of 100 million times the mass of the Sun in the Milky Way. Even the Fairy Nebula, which is 300,000 light years away from the Milky Way, only its central black hole has reached this level.

But near a center of a river system, the star density is so scary that it is impossible to show the state Pang Xuelin observed.

Therefore, the only explanation is that this is a small universe created by high-dimensional humans specifically for human civilization.

Even the so-called black hole Kaguntuya is likely to be the heart that maintains the normal operation of this high-dimensional universe.

"I don't know, what is the power of high-dimensional human civilization and systems? Can they discover the systems bound to them?"

Pang Xuelin secretly thought.

After pondering for a moment, Pang Xuelin turned around and told Jian Xiangming: "Notify the leaders of all second-level departments to come to the captain's room for a meeting. Your discovery is limited to the people inside the observatory and you cannot let the news spread. In addition, prepare for you Information on the planets found will be discussed at a later meeting. "

Jian Xiangming nodded slightly, nodded: "Yes!"

Twenty minutes later, Murphy, Emmond, Billy, Mann, Little Jr., Anthony, Carrick, Cassie and others came to the conference room.

These are all astronauts of the first phase of the Lazarus program. Later, Pang Xuelin made a significant change to the entire Lazarus program, and the number of astronauts required was also increased tenfold.

Moreover, most of the newly joined astronauts are mainly professionals from various departments in the spacecraft. In the basic training of aerospace, Murphy did not have the solidity they came from.

Because of this, Murphy was naturally chosen as the leader of each department.

For example, Murphy, she is the head of the communication department. In addition to communicating with the earth, she is also responsible for the subsequent construction of the communication system in this small universe.

Emond, is the head of the Ministry of Mechanical and Electrical, responsible for various fault maintenance and spacewalk missions in the spacecraft.

Billy is a computer expert who maintains the operating systems in Tass and the spacecraft.

Dr. Mann, a biologist, is in charge of the four plant cabins in the spacecraft, and he is responsible for the maintenance of the entire spacecraft's ecological cycle system.

Uh ...

After the crowd arrived, Pang Xuelin asked Jian Xiangming to inform the crowd of the observatory's findings.

众 Everyone in the conference room was shocked inexplicably.

虽然 Although these people have their own specialties, the basic physics and astronomy knowledge are very solid, and naturally they understand what Xiang Xiangming means.

"Well, what's your opinion? Let's talk about it."

Xiao Xiao Brand first took the lead in the channel: "Jane, is it possible that Kagantuya's radiation has affected the radio observatory?"

Jian Xiangming said: "This is impossible. We checked it several times and completely excluded the influence of Kaguntuya radiation. The calculated result is still 27k."

的 Anthony, who is a PhD in Astrophysics, said: "Will it be a problem with the radio telescope itself or something wrong with the control system."

Jian Xiangming said: "We have considered the hardware and equipment. To this end, we replaced a small sky telescope, and even measured it with a small detection satellite. The results obtained are exactly the same as before ..."

Anthony shrugged: "If all these problems are ruled out, and we can't observe the existence of other galaxies and stars, I think that at least the space where Kaguntuya is located is beyond our understanding."

At this moment, Murphy turned his eyes to Pang Xuelin and said, "Captain, what do you think?"

Murphy's voice fell, and everyone in the conference room suddenly focused on Pang Xuelin.

After all, Pang Xuelin is not only the captain of the Yongye spacecraft, but also the deputy commander and front commander of the Lazarus plan.

His opinions and ideas are the most important.

Pang Xuelin smiled lightly: "I don't think it is necessary to consider these situations right now. The emergence of wormholes is beyond our cognition, and with the quality of Kagangtuya ~ www.NovelMTL.com ~ there are only two stars around. This is beyond the scope of our current state of technology. So we are completely meaningless to explore this. Our most important work now is how to find a migratable planet among the planets we have observed. In addition, Regarding today's discussion, I hope that everyone here will keep it confidential. Our next work is very heavy, and I don't want any other issues affecting our work mood. "

At this time, Little Brand also said, "I think Captain Pang makes sense."

Emond also said, "I agree with Captain Pang."

Uh ...

I soon reached an agreement on this issue.

Pang Xuelin said: "Okay, let's move on to the next topic. Let Jan brief the director of the planet about the planets observed by the observatory in the past few months."

The crowd turned their attention to Jian Xiangming, who briefly coughed and said, "In the past few months, we have discovered that in the habitable zone, there are five planets orbiting the star No. 1 and three planets orbiting the No. 2 star. More than ten orbiting Kagantuya. And through spectral analysis of these terrestrial planets in the habitable zone, we can basically determine that ten of them have water. "

"To this end, we have arranged these ten planets according to their distance. The closest planet to us is within the gravitational circle of Kaguntuya, which is about 3 billion kilometers away from Kaguntuya. If the Yongye spacecraft is flying at full strength, it can be reached within three years. And through optical telescope observation and various spectral analysis, we can basically determine that there is an ocean on this planet. "

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